Octopus Minor (Sasaki 1920)

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Octopus minor
Xiao-Dong Zheng, Yao-Sen Qian, Chang Liu, Qi Li 2014(Springer Subscription. Cephalopod Culture pp 415-426)
Abstract
Octopus minor (Sasaki 1920) is widely distributed along the coastal waters of China, Korean Peninsula, as well as south of Sakhalien to Japan. As an important economic cephalopod, culture of O. minor has been attempted in recent years. After capture and broodstock acclimatization to captivity, spawning induction and mating, eggs are spawned at the artificial substratum. Females are responsible for protecting the eggs. The embryonic development lasts for 72–89 days before hatching under the conditions of a seawater temperature of 21–25 °C and a salinity of 28–31 psu. The mantle length and total length of new hatchlings range from 8.5 to 11.5 mm and from 25 to 31 mm, respectively. Hatchlings are benthic, going directly to the tank bottom. Two different types of shelters are provided for this species: ceramic pots of 8–12 mm inner diameter or 10-mm-diameter polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes. Cladocerans, copepods and enriched Artemia nauplii are adequate initial feeds for the hatchling rearing. Hemigrapsus sanguineus of less than 4 mm body width are also used to feed 10-day-old hatchlings. Using these prey, the survival rate is 75 % after 1 month of culture. After that, a mixed fresh diet such as juvenile crab, shellfish and shrimp becomes the main feed. After 6–7 months of culture indoors, juveniles of about 100 g can be considered as commercial specification, and they are then transferred to outdoor ponds to continue the ongrowing process, or to be released to the sea for stocking or enhancement programmes. Under indoor culture conditions, the average weights of males and females at 250 days are 122.9 and 197.1 g, respectively.
 
A Brain Atlas of the Long Arm Octopus, Octopus minor
Seung-Hyun Jung, Ha Yeun Song, Young Se Hyun, Yu-Cheol Kim, Ilson Whang, Tae-Young Choi, Seonmi Jo 2018 (Synapse full article)

Abstract
Cephalopods have the most advanced nervous systems and intelligent behavior among all invertebrates. Their brains provide comparative insights for understanding the molecular and functional origins of the human brain. Although brain maps that contain information on the organization of each subregion are necessary for a study on the brain, no whole brain atlas for adult cephalopods has been constructed to date. Here, we obtained sagittal and coronal sections covering the entire brain of adult Octopus minor(Sasaki), which belongs to the genus with the most species in the class Cephalopoda and is commercially available in East Asia throughout the year. Sections were stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) to visualize the cellular nuclei and subregions. H&E images of the serial sections were obtained at 30~70-µm intervals for the sagittal plain and at 40~80-µm intervals for the coronal plain. Setting the midline point of the posterior end as the fiducial point, we also established the distance coordinates of each image. We found that the brain had the typical brain structure of the Octopodiformes. A number of subregions were discriminated by a Hematoxylin-positive layer, the thickness and neuronal distribution pattern of which varied markedly depending upon the region. We identified more than 70 sub-regions based on delineations of representative H&E images. This is the first brain atlas, not only for an Octopodiformes species but also among adult cephalopods, and we anticipate that this atlas will provide a valuable resource for comparative neuroscience research.
 

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